Fourier microscopy based on single-pixel imaging for multi-mode dynamic observations of samples

We propose Fourier microscopy based on single-pixel imaging, which uses structured light to computationally illuminate a sample and uses a two-dimensional (2D) pixelated detector to capture the Fourier spectrum image in the back focal plane of the objective. The Fourier spectra collected by different pixels of the detector correspond to light waves diffracted at different angles. Therefore, by regrouping different pixels of the 2D pixelated detector, we built coded single-pixel detectors with different shapes to computationally detect different spectra. Then, we reconstructed multi-mode images using a single-pixel imaging method for dynamic observations. These images have the same field of view, which is more conducive to the comprehensive analysis of samples. Our approach provides a novel development for microscopes and is expected to be widely implemented.