Cross-border redispatch as the remedial action and aspects of its implementation

Transmission system operators deal with situations when their system does not comply with N-1 criterion on daily basis. Remedial actions are any actions which the transmission system operator implements in due time to avert a critical situation. During the year some transmission elements reach the Maximum Permanent Current Loading, a situation which is unacceptable for the safety and reliable operation of the system. After exhausting of all non-cost possible actions it is necessary to consider the measures of market-technical kind, so called redispatch. Anticipated legislative changes, whether at European, national or internal level will extend system operator's possibilities of facing and managing a critical situation.