Core Temperature Up To 41.5 Degrees C During The Uci Road Cycling World Championships In The Heat

Objective To characterise the core temperature response and power output profile of elite male and female cyclists during the 2016 UCI Road World Championships. This may contribute to formulating environmental heat stress policies.Methods Core temperature was recorded via an ingestible capsule in 10, 15 and 15 cyclists during the team time trial (TTT), individual time trial (ITT) and road race (RR), respectively. Power output and heart rate were extracted from individual cycling computers. Ambient conditions in direct sunlight were hot (37 degrees C +/- 3 degrees C) but dry (25%+/- 16% relative humidity), corresponding to a wet-bulb globe temperature of 27 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C.Results Core temperature increased during all races (p<0.001), reaching higher peak values in TTT (39.8 degrees C +/- 0.9 degrees C) and ITT (39.8 degrees C +/- 0.4 degrees C), relative to RR (39.2 degrees C +/- 0.4 degrees C, p<0.001). The highest temperature recorded was 41.5 degrees C (TTT). Power output was significantly higher during TTT (4.7 +/- 0.3 W/kg) and ITT (4.9 +/- 0.5 W/kg) than RR (2.7 +/- 0.4 W/kg, p<0.001). Heart rate increased during the TTs (p<0.001) while power output decreased (p<0.001).Conclusion 85% of the cyclists participating in the study (ie, 34 of 40) reached a core temperature of at least 39 degrees C with 25% (ie, 10 of 40) exceeding 40 degrees C. Higher core temperatures were reached during the time trials than the RR.