Dna Biosensor For Rapid Detection Of Anticancer Drugs

Cancer continues to be a worldwide killer. By 2020, the world population is expected to have increased to 7.5 billion; of this number, approximately 15 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed, and 12 million cancer patients will die. Many people who have cancer will use anticancer drugs as part of the course of their treatment. Anticancer drugs are powerful medicines that destroy cancer cells and keep cancer from spreading to other areas of the body. Analytical tools are needed for screening and routine analysis of anticancer drugs in their discovery and pharmaceutical development processes. Many anticancer drugs have a tendency to interact with DNA causing changes in its structure and base sequence, which results in disturbing the DNA cross linking reaction. As such, the development of DNA biosensors has attracted great interest in the detection of anticancer drug-DNA interaction. In this chapter, we will briefly review the recent development of the electrochemical DNA biosensors for detection of anticancer drug-DNA interaction. We will focus on reviewing the biosensor technology development and its application in some anticancer drug detection such as cyclophosphamide, daunomycin, etc. The detection of the pre- and post-electrochemical signals of DNA or anticancer drug interaction provides good evidence for the interaction mechanism to be elucidated. This interaction can also be used for the quantification of these anticancer drugs and for the determination of new anticancer drugs targeting DNA. The electrochemical DNA biosensors enable us to detect, evaluate and predict anticancer drugs with DNA interaction and further understand the interaction mechanism between anticancer drugs and DNA.