Horseshoe Kidneyand Nephrotic Syndrome Due To Aa Amyloidosis

Horseshoe kidney is the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. It consists of functioning kidneys on each side of the midline, connected at the lower poles. Urinary tract infection, hydronephrosis, calculi, and tumour of the renal pelvis are known as complications and multiple congenital anomalies can occur together with horseshoe kidney. Here, we report a patient with horseshoe kidney and nephrotic syndrome. A fifty-year old woman was admitted to our emergency department because of generalized edema. Physical examination was not remarkable, except for edema. Daily urinary protein excretion was 7900 mg/day. Antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HBs, and hepatitis C virus antibody were negative. On abdominal ultrasound and computerized tomography, horseshoe kidney was revealed. Rectal biopsy was performed revealing amyloid deposition in the vessels. Amyloid was demonstrated in the vessels with Congo Red and Cyrstal Violet. Colchicine was initiated 1.5 mg per day and supportive therapy was given. Horseshoe kidney with nephrotic syndrome is extremely rare. According to our literature search, this is the first case of horseshoe kidney with amyloidosis. We believe this presentation is a coincidence; however, one should keep in mind the possibility of renal disorders other than reflux nephropathy in patients with horseshoe kidney and nephrotic syndrome.