The Course Of Neuroinflammation And Its Therapeutic Aspects Literature Review

In the present literature review, the authors discuss the mechanisms of neuroinflammation in pathogenesis of certain diseases. Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the central nervous system, playing a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Microglia and astroglia are primarily responsible for the development of the process (or disease) through the production of various cytokines. The medical significance and research of them are in the centre of recent scientific research in the topic. This topic is well researched in human medicine, but from a veterinary point of view we have significantly less knowledge of the underlying processes of this disease. Inflammation causes the migration of immune cells, leading to oedema and tissue damage, eventually leading to cell death. The glutaminase enzyme plays an indirect but important role during this process. It has been found recently, that the activity of both neuroinflammation and glutaminase enzymes can be influenced by certain phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, thus opening the door to the use of PDE inhibitors in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders. The authors also point out that the primary role of neuroinflammation in human medicine is unquestionable as it is associated with psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia or behavioural disorders associated with social withdrawal (depression). Pathological processes associated with certain immunological diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, are all connected with the resulting bipolar disorder, depression and inflammation in the central nervous system. Generally, it can be stated that neuroinflammation manifested due to congenital and autoimmune disorders is one of the clear causes of these disorders.