Inhibitory Effects Of Essential Oil Extracts From Panax Ginseng Against Beta-Secretase And Cholinesterases
NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS(2019)
摘要
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is recognized as one of the most important crude drugs in ancient Chinese medicine. Numerous pharmacological studies investigated P. ginseng; however, these studies were limited to ginsenosides, which are typical constituents in P. ginseng. We focused on the essential oil (EO) from P. ginseng as it has a typical aroma. Herein, we report the inhibitory activities of EO against beta-secretase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which were investigated in order to demonstrate the potential of EO as a preventative and therapeutic agent against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Essential oil (250 mu g/mL) showed 41.4% inhibition against beta-secretase, 77.4% inhibition against AChE, and 94.1% inhibition against BChE. In addition, spathulenol (8.82%, content % in EO), bicyclogermacrene (6.23%), beta-elemene (3.94%), and alpha-humulene (3.69%) were identified as high content by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Furthermore, beta-elemene and alpha-humulene showed high activity among 3 compounds with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 77.2 and 137.3 mu M for AChE, and 298.2 and >2000 mu M for BChE, respectively. In this report, we showed the inhibitory activity of EO from P. ginseng against beta-secretase, AChE, and BChE, and demonstrated that EO could be a candidate to treat AD. This is the first research to report the anti-AD effect of EO and determination of its volatile components. Especially, beta-elemene and alpha-humulene are expected to be highly bio-available compounds due to their small molecular size and lipophilicity. From these results, EO from P. ginseng may be a promising candidate for AD treatment.
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关键词
Alzheimer's disease, essential oil, Panax ginseng, beta-secretase, cholinesterase
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