Sexual Function in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Introduction Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) is a common medical problem, usually encountered in older female patients, but also in younger patients. This pathology can negatively affect the patient's normal sexual function, which is an important aspect of the quality of life. Nowdays numerous patients undergo surgery for POP, but evidence from studies regarding the impact of POP and its treatment on the sexual function is limited, the majority of these clinical trials focusing on postoperatory anatomical success, complications and prolapse recurence. Material and methods The goal of this paper is to review the available data regarding the impact of POP on sexual function as well as the results encountered after its surgical management, whether surgery for POP had improved these symptoms or on contrary it had worsened the preoperatory sexual problems. Discussions The presence of POP has a negative impact on sexual function, numerous women with an advanced prolapse feeling less feminine, as well as less physically and sexually attractive compared to women with normal pelvic support. More than one-third of the sexually active women with an advanced prolapse claim that their sexuality is affected by the bothersome prolapse symptoms which can lead to self-isolation due to the fear of rejection, anxiety and depression. Embarrassment or discomfort during sexual intercourse due to the presence of prolapse or urinary incontinence, can result in sexual inactivity. However, the evidence on the relationship between pelvic floor symptoms and sexual function remains conflicting. Conclusions Over the years several studies have demonstrated that pelvic organe prolapse is a condition that affects the sexual life, as well as the behavior of all women with bothersome POP. However, after the surgical treatment, it has been shown that these bothersome symptoms that lead to sexual dissatisfaction can significantly reduce, numerous patients reporting improved outcomes in terms of sexual satisfaction.