Updated Review Of Genetic Variants Influencing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Women: Current Knowledge And Future Perspectives

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, is characterized by underlying maternal defects in beta-cell response to insulin during pregnancy. Genetic predisposition to GDM has been associated with certain genetic variants. The present review summarizes the findings of previous studies regarding incidence and genetic variant risk factors of GDM. Common variants in several candidate genes have been demonstrated to increase the risk of GDM. Additionally, miRNA-binding sites, long noncoding RNA variants, and incidence risk of GDM are discussed. This review provides an overview of genetic variant factors that may contribute to prevention of GDM. These insights may lead to more effective strategies for prevention and treatment of GDM.