Evolution of andrenine bees reveals a long and complex history of faunal interchanges through the Americas during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic

•Andreninae bees arose in South America during the Late Cretaceous.•Northward dispersal events through the Americas have occurred at least in three periods, prior to the Panama Isthmus closure.•Palearctic diversity results from historical exchanges with North America during the Eocene and Oligocene-Miocene periods.•Afrotropical lineages likely originated from Palearctic ancestral groups as deriving from two distinct events.