Impact of gigahertz and terahertz transport regimes on spin propagation and conversion in the antiferromagnet IrMn

Control over spin transport in antiferromagnetic systems is essential for future spintronic applications with operational speeds extending to ultrafast time scales. Here, we study the transition from the gigahertz (GHz) to terahertz (THz) regime of spin transport and spin-to-charge current conversion (S2C) in the prototypical antiferromagnet IrMn by employing spin pumping and THz spectroscopy techniques. We reveal a factor of 4 shorter characteristic propagation lengths of the spin current at THz frequencies (& SIM;0.5 nm) as compared to GHz experiments (& SIM;2 nm). This observation may be attributed to different transport regimes. The conclusion is supported by extraction of sub-picosecond temporal dynamics of the THz spin current. We identify no relevant impact of the magnetic order parameter on S2C signals and no scalable magnonic transport in THz experiments. A significant role of the S2C originating from interfaces between IrMn and magnetic or non-magnetic metals is observed, which is much more pronounced in the THz regime and opens the door for optimization of the spin control at ultrafast time scales. (C) 2022 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).