Association Between Vitamin D Levels and FEV1, Number of Exacerbations, and CAT Score in Stable COPD Patients in Indonesia

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D levels and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), number of exacerbations, and symptoms based on COPD assessment test (CAT) scores in stable COPD patients in Indonesia. Patients and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. Subjects were stable COPD patients who were treated at a pulmonary clinic in a tertiary referral hospital in West Java from March to June 2018. Results: Thirty subjects were recruited this study with an average age 62 +/- 8 years. The mean vitamin D level was 20.17 +/- 8.91 ng/mL. Half of the patients had low vitamin D level (<20ng/mL) (50%). The mean FEV1 (%) predicted value was 37.2 +/- 14. The median exacerbation per year was 1 (0-5) and symptoms based on CAT score was 14 (3-34). No correlation was found between vitamin D levels and FEV1 (%) predicted value (r=0.126, p=0.253). Vitamin D level was inversely correlated with number of exacerbations (r=-0.639, p<0.001) and CAT (r=-0.802, p<0.001). Conclusion: Low level of vitamin D was associated with more frequent exacerbation and higher CAT scores but was not associated with FEV1 (%) predicted.