Textural analysis and emplacement conditions of well-preserved Orosirian felsic volcanic rocks of northern Amazon Craton, Brazil

•Predominance of volcaniclastic facies with eutaxitic and parataxitic textures.•Water strongly affect the rheology of the melts, reducing η, TL, TZr, and TG.•Extensive welded ignimbrite deposits covered the Amazon Craton.•Welding was favored by high-emplacement temperatures and network-modifier cations.•Welding associated with low-eruption column occur in fissural or caldera systems.