Health risks of odorous compounds during the whole process of municipal solid waste collection and treatment in China

•We assessed health risks of odorous compounds during the whole MSW stream in China.•86 odorous compounds in five types of MSW processing facilities were studied.•Occupational carcinogenic risks of odors were obvious along the whole MSW stream.•The impact distance of MSW transfer station based on carcinogenic risks was ∼1.5 km.•The impact distance of MSW landfill site based on carcinogenic risks was ∼5 km.