A Comparative Study Between AI-Generated, Real-Life Clinical as Well as Reference Rectal Volumes Defined in Accordance With the Swedish National STRONG Guidelines in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy

This is the first systematic comparison of an auto-contouring algorithm's performance on a standardized OAR dataset in RT. Our results need to be confirmed on a larger patient cohort, but indicate that the MVision algorithm did very well since the size of identified differences generally was small both with respect to clinical and to reference volumes. However, to increase the use of AI-algorithms for clinical studies and research, retraining them on standardized reference datasets has the potential to improve performance further.