CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and its relationship with biomarkers of thrombosis, inflammation and myocardial injury

CHA(2)DS(2)-VASC score associates with worse prognosis in coronavirus-disease-19 (COVID-19). This study investigated laboratory correlates of increasing CHA(2)DS(2)- VASc in patients with COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 were stratified by CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc (Group 1: CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc 0-1; Group 2: CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc 2-3; Group 3: CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc >= 4). We found stepwise increase of D-dimer, hs-Troponin and in-hospital mortality across groups (all P < 0.01). D-dimer and hs-Troponin remained independently associated with CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc (B = 0.145, P = 0.03; B = 0.320, P < 0.001, respectively). We found significant correlations between D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) in Group 1 and 2, not in Group 3 (r(2) = 0.103, P = 0.005; r(2) = 0.226, P = 0.001; r(2) = 0.021, P = 0.253 respectively), and between D-dimer and hs-Troponin in group 2 and 3, not in Group 1 (r(2) = 0.122, P = 0.003; r(2) = 0.120, P = 0.007; r(2) = 0.006, P = 0.514 respectively). In our cohort, CHA2DS2- VASc was independently associated with D-dimer and hs- Troponin increase. Variable relationships of D-dimer with hs-Troponin and CRP within different CHA2DS2-VASc strata suggest multiple mechanisms to be responsible for D-dimer increase in COVID-19.