Development of a Transcription Factor-Based Diamine Biosensor in Corynebacterium glutamicum

Diamines serve as major platform chemicals that can be employed to a variety of industrial scenarios, particularly as monomers for polymer synthesis. High-throughput sensors for diamine biosynthesis can greatly improve the biological production of diamines. Here, we identified and characterized a transcription factor-driven biosensor for putrescine and cadaverine in Corynebacterium glutamicum. The transcriptional TetR-family regulatory protein CgmR (CGL2612) is used for the specific detection of diamine compounds. This study also improved the dynamic range and the sensitivity to putrescine by systematically range optimizing genetic components of pSenPut. By a single cell-based screening strategy for a library of CgmR with random mutations, this study obtained the most sensitive variant CgmRI(152T), which possessed an experimentally determined limit of detection (LoD) of <= 0.2 mM, a K of 11.4 mM, and a utility of 720. Using this highly sensitive putrescine biosensor pSenPutI(152T), we demonstrated that CgmRI(152T) can be used as a sensor to detect putrescine produced biologically in a C. glutamicum system. This high sensitivity and the range of CgmR will be an influential tool for rewiring metabolic circuits and facilitating the directed evolution of recombinant strains toward the biological synthesis of diamine compounds.