Seasonal Predictability of Lightning Over the Global Hotspot Regions

Skillful seasonal prediction of lightning is crucial over several global hotspot regions, as it causes severe damages to infrastructures and losses of human life. While major emphasis has been given for predicting rainfall, prediction of lightning in one season advance remained uncommon, owing to the nature of problem, which is short-lived local phenomenon. Here we show that on seasonal time scale, lightning over the major global hotspot regions is strongly tied with slowly varying global predictors (e.g., El Nino and Southern Oscillation). Moreover, the sub-seasonal variance of lightning is highly correlated with global predictors, suggesting a seminal role played by the global climate modes in shaping the local land-atmosphere interactions, which eventually affects seasonal lightning variability. It is shown that seasonal predictability of lightning over the hotspot is comparable to that of seasonal rainfall, opens up an avenue for reliable seasonal forecasting of lightning for special awareness and preventive measures.