Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on orthodontics in predoctoral and postdoctoral programs in the United States

•Clinical observations and shadowing hours were reduced for predoctoral students.•Didactic curriculum hours were largely unchanged for predoctoral students.•Postdoctoral orthodontic clinics saw increased costs of care.•Postdoctoral programs were affected by clinic modifications.•Testing, protective equipment, and decreased clinic hours affected cost of care.