A CMOS SPAD pixel with an integrated mixed-signal TDC

During the last century, much of the scientific discoveries and advances in the biological field have been derived from the exploration of fluorescence phenomena. This has been possible, in part, thanks to the development of a wide variety of measurement techniques accompanied by high-performance sensing devices. Among these are CMOS Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) image sensors, which offe...