Developing an intelligent virtual reality interactive system based on the ADDIE model for learning pour-over coffee brewing.

This study aims to use the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model to develop an intelligent virtual reality (VR) interactive system for learning pour-over coffee brewing. The operation of pour-over coffee brewing is complex. An intelligent system is a concrete actuator that realizes artificial intelligence (AI) decisions. When learners face the challenge of learning complex skills, an intelligent system can actively analyze their learning behaviors and provide corresponding intelligent feedback to correct them. Furthermore, head-mounted-display VR can structure an immersive environment to improve the learning experience and knowledge transfer. This research integrates these two techniques into an intelligent VR interactive system and utilizes the ADDIE model to enable the system to achieve the ideal educational framework. The participants were 103 students who experienced and evaluated this system. The results indicated that the intelligent VR interactive system matched the participants' learning requirements and enhanced their learning performance. In addition, the learners proposed some suggestions to optimize the system, such as adding detailed content to the intelligent feedback and note function. Overall, this system increases the effectiveness of learning. The study suggests that instructors can use an intelligent VR interactive system to strengthen learners’ manipulative ability and knowledge.