Review on the Role of GNSS Meteorology in Monitoring Water Vapor for Atmospheric Physics
REMOTE SENSING(2024)
摘要
After 30 years since the beginning of the Global Positioning System (GPS),
or, more generally, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) meteorology, this
technique has proven to be a reliable method for retrieving atmospheric water
vapor; it is low-cost, weather independent, with high temporal resolution and
is highly accurate and precise. GNSS ground-based networks are becoming denser,
and the first stations installed have now quite long time-series that allow the
study of the temporal features of water vapor and its relevant role inside the
climate system. In this review, the different GNSS methodologies to retrieve
atmospheric water vapor content re-examined, such as tomography, conversion of
GNSS tropospheric delay to water vapor estimates, analyses of errors, and
combinations of GNSS with other sources to enhance water vapor information.
Moreover, the use of these data in different kinds of studies is discussed. For
instance, the GNSS technique is commonly used as a reference tool for
validating other water vapor products (e.g., radiosounding, radiometers onboard
satellite platforms or ground-based instruments). Additionally, GNSS retrievals
are largely used in order to determine the high spatio-temporal variability and
long-term trends of atmospheric water vapor or in models with the goal of
determining its notable influence on the climate system (e.g., assimilation in
numerical prediction, as input to radiative transfer models, study of
circulation patterns, etc.
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关键词
GNSS, GPS, water vapor, ground-based, methodology, validation, spatio-temporal, time-series, meteorology, climate
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