Three-In-One: Achieving A Robust And Effective Hydrogen-Evolving Hybrid Material By Integrating Polyoxometalate, A Photo-Responsive Metal-Organic Framework, And In Situ Generated Pt Nanoparticles

A Wells-Dawson-type polyoxometalate ([P2W18O62](6-), denoted as P2W18), a photo-responsive Zr-based metal-organic framework (MOF, NU-1000), and in situ generated Pt nanoparticles were successfully integrated into a three-in-one hybrid material (P2W18@NU-1000-Pt) using a facile impregnation and subsequent photoreduction method. The resulting three-in-one hybrid material exhibits effective and robust activity towards photocatalytic hydrogen production in a water-compatible system under Xe-lamp irradiation, achieving a hydrogen production of 35 100 mu mol g(-1) and a turnover number (TON) of 5484 versus moles of Pt after 5 days of reaction. The post-catalysis three-in-one hybrid composite could be easily recycled at least 5 times without declining catalytic activity. Moreover, such a water-compatible photocatalytic system also reveals potential practical applications for catalyzing hydrogen production under natural sunlight irradiation. A possible photocatalytic mechanism was elucidated based on various photophysical and spectroscopic analyses, proving the importance of synergistic cooperation of the NU-1000 MOF, the P2W18 cluster, and in situ generated Pt NPs in such a three-in-one P2W18@NU 1000 Pt hybrid photocatalyst.