Comparative transcriptome analysis of Rosa chinensis 'Old Blush' provides insights into the crucial factors and signaling pathways in salt stress response

The growth, development, and quality production of Rosa hybrida L. are the core issues for being able to have good yields. Inadequate information on genetic background and resistance has hindered the ability to continue improving flower quality, and most cultivars continue to have lower-than-desired levels of resistance. Therefore, this study sequenced the transcription group of the R. chinensis Jacq. 'Old Blush' under high salt stress. Transcription group sequencing was carried out on root and leaf materials at different points in time (0, 2, 24, and 48 h) under a high salt stress condition of NaHCO3. The monthly salt stress recorded within 48-h Ca2+ sensors was mainly calmodulin and calcium-binding protein. The kinase 5 (RC2G0184500) began to show significant increase from 24- and 48-h process time, respectively, within the leaf blades and the root. There was an increase of superoxide dismutase and L-ascorbate peroxidase from the 2- and 48-h processing times, respectively. Within the blades, MYB4, MYB41, MYB44, MYB20, MYB62, and MYB14 had a log2Foldchange of >4. ERF109 had a log2Foldchange of 7. NAC-like transcription factors had more differential genes in the root than in the leaves, with a log2Foldchange of NAC67, NAC52, NAC16, and NAC2 of >4. The plant hormone signal transduction-related genes involved were abscisic acid, growth hormone, ethylene, erythromycin, jasmine acid, salbonate, and cell division. The EIN4 and EIN3 were only raised in the leaf and the serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1 was raised in the root, whereas the ethylene pathway was mainly in the leaves. Auxin-responsive protein SAUR72 and SAUR50 were raised in the leaves and the other auxin-responsive protein and SAUR expression in the root were low. The IAA2 was revised upward in the leaf and the IAA11 was revised upward in the root, whereas the rest were revised downward. In conclusion, the study revealed several genes and hormones that are key in salt stress response.