Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to bedaquiline and delamanid in China

•The new anti-TB drugs delamanid (DLM) and bedaquiline (BDQ) form the last line of defence against drug-resistant TB.•The resistance rate of XDR-TB to DLM is surprisingly high.•Rv0678 play a major role in cross-resistance to BDQ and clofazimine.•Detected evidence of onward transmission of resistance to DLM is worrying.•Intensive surveillance of resistance to new drugs is urgently needed.