Impacts of climate change on Arctic sea-ice

a Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK b Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK c National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK d Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK e The National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK f European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AX