Unique Post-Translational Modifications Diversify The Sodium Channels In Peach Aphid (Myzus Persicae [Sulzer])

BACKGROUND Myzus persicae (Sulzer), a worldwide pest, has caused remarkable damage to agriculture. Among the various control methods, chemical control (especially pyrethroids) is most commonly used. The targets of pyrethroids are voltage-gated sodium channels (Na(v)s). Unlike those of other insects, all Na(v)s of aphids (including two genes), such as Myzus persicae, are unique.RESULTS In this study, three interlock patterns, I(918)-F(1014), L(918)-L(1014), and T(918)-F(1014), were found at sites 918 and 1014 in the sensitive Myzus persicae strain. Similar to that of other aphids, the Na-v of Myzus persicae (MpNa(v)) consisted of two parts, that is MpNa(v)-I and MpNa(v)-II, which were embedded with an atypical 'DENS' ion selectivity filter and a conventional 'MFM' inactivation gate, respectively. MpNa(v) had 11 alternative exons, including two mutually exclusive exons (k and l) and three exons (w, x, and t), which were located in domains I and III, respectively. In addition, various RNA editing events, A503T and V588A, appearing between the connection of domains I and II and the S3 of domain IV, respectively, had been described.CONCLUSION Overall, MpNa(v) was characterized by unique post-translational regulation mode, 918 and 1014 interlocks, and unusually alternative exons. Our research provides a new perspective on the evolution and variation of insect Na(v)s.