Assessment of breast arteries and lymph nodes by 3D MR angiography enhancement imaging: feasibility and pilot clinical results

Background Conventional dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) hardly achieves a good imaging performance of arteries and lymph nodes in the breast area. Therefore, a new imaging method is needed for the assessment of breast arteries and lymph nodes. Methods We performed prospective research. The research included 52 patients aged from 25 to 64 between June 2019 and April 2020. The isotropic e-THRIVE sequence scanned in the coronal direction after DCE-THRIVE. Reconstructed images obtained by DCE-THRIVE and the coronal e-THRIVE were compared mainly in terms of the completeness of the lateral thoracic artery, thoracodorsal artery, and lymph nodes. We proposed a criterion for evaluating image quality. According to the criterion, images were assigned a score from 1 to 5 according to the grade from low to high. Two board-certified doctors evaluated images individually, and their average score was taken as the final result. The chi-square test was used to assess the difference. Results The coronal e-THRIVE score is 4.60, which is higher than the DCE-THRIVE score of 3.48, there are significant differences between the images obtained by two sequences ( P = 1.2712e−8). According to the score of images, 44 patients (84.61%) had high-quality images on the bilateral breast. Only 3 patients’ (5.77%) images were not ideal on both sides. The improved method is effective for most patients to get better images. Conclusions The proposed coronal e-THRIVE scan can get higher quality reconstruction images than the conventional method to visualize the course of arteries and the distribution of lymph nodes in most patients, which will be helpful for the clinical follow-up treatment.