Modelling Approach For Carbon Emissions, Energy Consumption And Economic Growth: A Systematic Review

Understanding the major driving forces of CO2 emissions has become indispensable as the challenges of climate change and adaptation become more widely recognized. This systematic review presents a comprehensive overview of the econometric models applied to disentangling the relationships among carbon emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth. The electronic databases Web of Science, SCOPUS, and EconPapers were used to identify 776 citation records to discuss this issue. Resultantly, 182 peer-reviewed journal articles met the pre-defined eligibility criteria and were retained for discussion. We found varied modelling approaches, but artificial neural networks, STIRPAT model, and Granger causality were the primary models used by authors in recent years. Overall, the analyzed methods could be considered efficient in investigating the relationships between the analyzed variables, promoting discussion about the urgency of investment in renewable energy sources, and implementing appropriate CO2 emissions mitigation policies.