Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns Differentiate Treatment Resistant Depression From Treatment Responsive Patients

Major Depressive Disorder is a prevalent, costly, and debilitating condition. Although many patients benefit from established treatments, it is estimated that up to 30% of patients fail to respond to standard interventions. The neural mechanisms of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remain poorly understood, though one possible mechanism implicates medial frontal (MF10) activity and connectivity in the pathophysiology of TRD. Importantly, the majority of previous TRD studies have not controlled for medication effects. Given that many antidepressant treatments can have neurobiological effects even in non-responders, the comparisons of TRD and treatment-responders following treatment may be better positioned to identify neurobiological abnormalities specific to TRD.