Battery Optimal Sizing Under a Synergistic Framework With DQN-Based Power Managements for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Powertrain

This article proposes a synergistic approach that traverses the battery optimal size simultaneously against the optimal power management based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). A fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FC-HEV) with the FC/battery hybrid powertrain is used as the study case. The battery plays a key role in current transportation electrification, and the optimal sizing of the battery...