Six-Year Survival Rate Of Patients With Arterial Hypertension And Without Concomitant Cardiovascular Diseases

Objective: To evaluate survival rate and determine factors, affecting risk of death for patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and without concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD) for 6 years of observation according to the register. Design and method: 716 patients with AH and without another CVD took part in this research in 2012-2013.The median age is 56.7 [49.0; 63.8] years, 29.1% of them are men. Diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glycaemia were registered in 11.3% and 1.3% of cases, dyslipidemia – in 2.9%, obesity – in 12.7%, anemia – in 8.5% and hemorrhage – in 1.5%, diseases of the respiratory organs – in 17.6%, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract – in 44.6%, kidney diseases – in 30.4%. The frequency of prescription of beta-adrenergic blocker was 32.0%, angiotensin-converting enzyme/sartans – 76.7%, calcium channel blockers – 15.2%, diuretics – 39,4%, antagonists of mineralocorticoid receptors – 1.3%, central acting drugs – 2.4%, statins – 6.0%, aspirin – 23.0%. Results: The median of time from the moment of inclusion to the date of last contact was 6.1 [5.8; 6.7] years. Information about 95.7% of patients was received.The survival rate was 87.3%. Among the patients with know causes of death (n = 66) in 40.9% of cases CVD was the cause of death, the oncological disease – in 39.4%. Diseases of the respiratory organs were registered more frequently among deceased patients in 25.3% and 16.5% consequently (p = 0.04), but this factor did not have a statistically significant effect on the prognosis. Independent risks of death factors among patients with AH and without another CVD were age and gender: the risk of death for patients over the age of 60 was 6% higher, at the age of 70 years was 12% higher, at the age of 80 years was 21% higher compared with patients younger than 60 years (p < 0.05), the relative risk of death of male patients compared with female patients was 2.4 (1.6–3.4) times higher (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Six-year survival rate of patients with arterial hypertension and without concomitant cardiovascular diseases is 87.3%. Risk of death factors are age and male gender in this group of patients.