A Study on Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Young Medicos of South Karnataka

Background: It has been calculated that Non Communicable Diseases cause 68% mortality across the world,\r\nbut mostly in low and middle income countries. Southeast Asia has seen growing NCD deaths since 2000. 60%\r\nof total deaths in India in 2012 were attributed to NCDs. International Diabetic Federation (IDF) consisting\r\nof experts from various countries and organizations has adopted a definition of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)\r\nwhich is an aggregation of fatal heart attack risk factors, diabetes and pre-diabetes, abdominal obesity,\r\nhigh cholesterol and high blood pressure. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome\r\nin medical students and determine the behavioral risk factors associated with it. Material and Method: \r\nA cross sectional study was conducted on sample of 110 randomly selected medical students of second\u0002\r\nyear MBBS. Sample size calculated keeping the prevalence of metabolic syndrome 21% with precision of\r\n10% and confidence level of 99%. Data was processed using latest SPSS version. Descriptive statistics, chi\r\nsquare, odds ratio and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 110 medical\r\nstudents 54 (49.09%) were males and 56 (50.91%) were females. Based on IDF criteria, only 10 (9.09%) had\r\nMetabolic Syndrome. The prevalence of individual parameters for Metabolic Syndrome were abdominal\r\nobesity (100%), low HDL (60%), High TG 80%, High FBS 50% and raised Blood Pressure 20%. Low\r\nintake of fruits was found in 90% and high sugar intake was found among 70% and low level of physical\r\nactivity was reported in 80% students. Overall risk factors were found in 66% cases. Conclusions: This\r\nstudy concludes that prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 9.09% among young medicos. The prevalence\r\nof individual components for metabolic syndrome highest was TG 80%, followed by low HDL then high\r\nFBS 50% and raised Blood Pressure 20%. About 66% of young medico showed at least one risk factor for\r\ndeveloping Metabolic Syndrome.