Clinical features of tumor necrosis factor-α-inhibitor induced chilblain lupus: A case series.
JAAD case reports（2021）
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder with variable presentations and extent of involvement, including systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), and chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE). SLE is a multisystem disorder, with malar erythema and photosensitivity as common findings. Chilblain lupus is a rare variant of CCLE, manifesting clinically as erythematous, dusky papules on acral sites, which can be pruritic or painful. Chilblain lupus is associated with SLE in up to 20% of cases, particularly if discoid lupus plaques are present.
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Key words
ANA, antinuclear antibody,ATIL, anti-TNF-α-induced lupus,CCLE, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus,DILE, drug-induced lupus erythematosus,SCLE, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus,SLE, systemic lupus erythematous,TNF inhibitor,TNF, tumor necrosis factor,anti-TNF-α-induced lupus,chilblain lupus,drug-induced lupus erythematosus,pernio,tumor necrosis factor α
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