Arthroscopic nomenclature of capsulolabral appearances in anterior shoulder dislocation

Objectives To study the intraoperative morphology of the glenoid labrum and capsule in recurrent shoulder dislocation and to study the relationship between the number of dislocations and the changes in the glenoid and labrum. Methods Over a period of 18 months, 108 patients with traumatic anterior dislocations were included in the study, of which 102 men and 6 women with mean age of 33.4yrs range from 18 to 45. The patients with bony bankart, other labral lesions, ligamentous laxity, SLAP tear were excluded from the study. All the patients underwent arthroscopic bankart repair. We have classified the morphology of labrum and capsule on their appearance intraoperatively. Labrum is named as Normal, Desiccated or Shredded and Capsule as Normal or Damaged. Results Six varieties of appearances were observed. Namely, Normal capsule and Normal labrum (NN), Normal capsule and Desiccated labrum (ND), Normal capsule and Shredded labrum (NS), Damaged capsule and Normal labrum (DN), Damaged capsule and Desiccated labrum(DD), Damaged capsule and Shredded labrum(DS). Among them, DD (33.3%) and DS (29.6%) variety had highest number of dislocations suggesting the labrum and capsule lose normal anatomy with more recurrence of dislocations. Conclusion These findings support that reproducing normal anatomy after surgical repair is possible when the intervention is done sooner than later. Level of evidence III.