Reducing The Allergenicity Of Alpha-Lactalbumin After Lipid Peroxidation

This study analyzed the effect of lipid peroxidation using 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) and acrolein on the in vitro and in vivo allergenicity of alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-La). The structure of oxidized alpha-La was evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism, whereas the changes in the allergenic properties were evaluated. Lipid peroxidation induced changes to the structural properties that might destroy and/or mask alpha-La epitopes. In comparison to native alpha-La, oxidation complexes caused a decrease in the immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding capacity, as observed via immunoblotting. Moreover, the capacity to release mediators and cytokines from KU812 cells was also greatly reduced. In vivo, oxidation with AAPH and acrolein caused a significant reduction in IgE, IgG, IgG1, mast cell protease 1, and plasma histamine, along with the reduction of mast surface c-Kit(+) and FceRI(+) expression. Therefore, these results indicate that oxidation via AAPH and acrolein can potentially reduce the allergenicity of alpha-La, which can help with the better understanding of the changes in allergenicity of milk allergen by lipid peroxidation.