Les propriétés biotiques et abiotiques des gîtes larvaires d’Aedes aegypti et leur influence sur les traits de vie des adultes (synthèse bibliographique)

Biotic and abiotic properties of Aedes aegypti breeding sites and their influence on adult phenotypic traits. A review Introduction. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, a major vector of arbovirus, develops in a wide range of artificial reservoirs in urban areas. These breeding sites are exposed to variable biotic and abiotic conditions that can influence the vectorial capacity of the adult mosquito and consequently the risk of pathogen transmission. Here, we review the state of knowledge on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of Ae. aegypti breeding sites that affect the pre-oviposition behavior, development and virus transmission capacity of this Culicidae. Literature. The high spatial and temporal variability of the abiotic and biotic properties of Ae. aegypti breeding sites makes their characterization complex. Some biotic (organic matter, congeneric larvae, microbiota) and abiotic (salinity, temperature, pH) factors of the breeding sites have strong and direct effects on larvae development and have repercussions on the physiological and morphological characteristics of the adult mosquito, such as size, fecundity and vectorial capacity. Conclusions. In view of the influence of the larval aquatic habitat, and in particular its microbiota, on many phenotypic traits in Ae. aegypti, efforts are still required to better understand how the natural variability of breeding sites shapes the vectorial capacity of populations of this invasive species worldwide.