The plurality of KNOW: a response to Farese

Is KNOW a semantic prime? In other words, does “know” express a universal semantic primitive that is shared by all the corresponding verbs in languages of the world? The researchers of Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM), part of whose project is to find such universal semantic primitives, think so. Recently, Gian Marco Farese, in his paper published in this journal, defended this view in relation to the Japanese knowledge verbs. Since one of his main targets was my own paper but he did not respond to the main part of its empirical data while misrepresenting another part of my data, I would like to clarify the point of my paper here.