Banking technology and cashless economy in selected Sub-Saharan African countries: does education matter?

Ese Urhie, Ogechi Chiagozie Amonu, Chiderah Mbah, Olabanji Olukayode Ewetan, Oluwatoyin Augustina Matthew, Oluwasogo Adediran, Oreoluwa Adesanya, Adeleke Adekeye

JOURNAL OF MONEY LAUNDERING CONTROL(2021)

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Abstract
Purpose This study aims to analyze the effect of banking technology [automated teller machine (ATM) and mobile cellular devices (MOBs)] and other traditional factors on the level of currency in circulation for a sample of 21 selected sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. It also assessed the mitigating effect of education on the relationship between banking technology and the cashless economy. Design/methodology/approach The study used a panel data approach to design a cashless economy model with banking technology - ATM and MOBs - as well as their interaction with education as regressors. Findings This study finds that MOB is significant for promoting a cashless economy, whereas ATM is insignificant in sample SSA countries. The level of education and the number of bank branches were also found to be significant in promoting a cashless economy. The interaction between education and ATM was insignificant but negatively signed, whereas that between education and MOB was significant but had a positive sign. Research limitations/implications Non-availability of data restricted this work to a panel study of selected SSA countries. Subsequent studies should consider single-country case studies. Practical implications Findings from the study imply that for banking technology to drive a cashless economy effectively, education has to be improved. Originality/value The ratio of cash in circulation to total money supply was used as a measure of the cashless economy. The study also evaluated the moderating effect of education on banking technology.
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Key words
Education,Automated teller machine,Mobile phone,Banking technology,Cashless economy
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