Prenylated coumarins from the fruits ofArtocarpus heterophyllus with their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activities

A phytochemical investigation on the fruits ofArtocarpus heterophyllus led to the isolation and characterisation of a new prenylated coumarin, artoheteronin (1), together with six known analogues (2−7). The chemical structure of1 was elucidated using extensive spectral methods and the known compounds (2−7) were identified by comparing their spectral data with those reported in the literature. All known compounds (2–7) were isolated from the genusArtocarpus for the first time. The anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activities of all isolated prenylated coumarins (1–7) were assessedin vitro. As a result, compounds1–7 displayed notable inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cellsin vitro with the IC50 values in range of 0.58±0.06 to 6.29±0.12 μM. Meanwhile, compounds1–7 exhibited notable anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activities possessing EC50 values in the range of 0.18 to 9.12 µM.