A Review of Colorectal Cancer in Terms of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Development, Symptoms and Diagnosis

Simple Summary According to the available data, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. Depending on the location, type of cancer or gender, it is ranked 2nd to 4th in terms of incidence in the world. CRC, year by year, shows an increasing tendency in terms of both morbidity and deaths. Many factors may be responsible for the development of this disease, including genetic and environmental factors. Considering all the aspects, we made efforts to systematize the available literature data in terms of epidemiology, risk factors, type and nature of symptoms, development stages, available and future diagnosis of colorectal cancer. This review article contains a concise consideration of genetic and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer. Known risk factors associated with colorectal cancer include familial and hereditary factors and lifestyle-related and ecological factors. Lifestyle factors are significant because of the potential for improving our understanding of the disease. Physical inactivity, obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption can also be addressed through therapeutic interventions. We also made efforts to systematize available literature and data on epidemiology, diagnosis, type and nature of symptoms and disease stages. Further study of colorectal cancer and progress made globally is crucial to inform future strategies in controlling the disease's burden through population-based preventative initiatives.