Effect of BMP-12, TGF-ß1 and autologous conditioned serum (ACS) on growth factor expression in Achilles tendon healing

Purpose Achilles tendon ruptures are devastating and recover slowly and incompletely. There is a great demand for biomolecular therapies to improve recovery, yet little is understood about growth factors in a healing tendon. Here, the role of growth factors during tendon healing in a rat model and their reaction to single and multiple growth factor treatment are explored.