Controllable construction of Ce‐Mn‐Ox with tunable oxygen vacancies and active species for toluene catalytic combustion

A series of Ce-Mn-O(x)catalysts synthesized under different hydrothermal conditions were evaluated by catalytic removal of toluene. The results of characterization showed that the contents of oxygen vacancies and active species in catalysts were crucial for the catalytic oxidation process. The concentration of Ce3+, Mn3+, and adsorbed oxygen associated with structural defects in Ce-Mn-O(x)catalysts could be controlled by hydrothermal conditions, which were considered to promote redox capacity and improve catalytic oxidation performance. In addition, suitable synthetic conditions could increase theS(BET)andV(p)of catalysts. Among the prepared catalysts, CM-100 showed the best catalytic performance due to the generation of more defective oxygen and active species (Ce3+, Mn3+, and surface-adsorbed oxygen). In addition, the CM-100 catalyst showed satisfactory water resistance and stability.