Frequence Des Complications De L’hypertension Arterielle Chez Les Patients Suivis En Milieu Cardiologique A Parakou En 2016

Introduction : Souvent asymptomatique, l’hypertension arterielle serevele parfois par des evenements cardiovasculaires graves. Ce travail vise adeterminer les complications silencieuses et/ou chroniques de l’hypertensionarterielle chez les patients suivis en milieu hospitalier a Parakou. Methodes :L’etude etait transversale, analytique realisee du 20 Mars 2016 au 20 Juillet2016, dans les services de cardiologie des hopitaux publiques de la ville de Parakou. Etaient inclus, tousles hypertendus consentants, ayant realise le bilanminimum de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Sante (OMS) depuis au plus troismois. L’echantillonnage etait exhaustif. Les complications silencieuses et/ouchroniques de l’HTA ont ete recherchees selon les procedures standards.L’analyse des donnees a ete faite avec le logiciel SPSS 21. Resultats : Sur les719 patients recus en consultation, 316 (43,9%) avaient une HTA. L’âgemoyen etait de 55,2 ± 11,9 ans, la sexe ratio de 0,6. L’anciennete du diagnosticde l’HTA etait inferieure a 5ans chez 61,1% des patients. L’observancetherapeutique etait bonne chez 43,9% et l’HTA etait mal controlee chez61,1%. Au moins une complication a ete observee chez 70,9% des patients.Les trois premieres complications chroniques etaient l’hypertrophieventriculaire gauche echographique (54,3%), la proteinurie (40,7%) et laretinopathie hypertensive (28,1%). Apres regression logistique, l’anciennetede l’HTA ≥5ans (OR=2,9 ; p=0,011) et l’inobservance therapeutique(OR=3,1 ; p=0,002) etaient independamment associees a la survenue decomplication de l’HTA. Conclusion : Ces donnees montrent la gravite del’hypertension arterielle chez les patients et le role determinant del’inobservance therapeutique dans la survenue de ses complications. Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is often revealed bycardiovascular event, issue of undiagnosed silent complications. This studyaimed at determining the prevalence of chronic complications of HBP amongpatients followed in cardiology at Parakou in 2016. Methods: We performeda cross sectional analytic study from March 20th to July 20th, 2016 in thecardiology settings of Parakou. We did a systematic recruitment of allhypertensive patients who have done the hypertension minimum check up of World Health Organization at least three months before. HBP’s complicationswere accessed according standard guidelines. Socio-demographic data, dataon hypertension, treatment and treatment compliance were recorded for eachpatient. The software SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results:Among 719 patients admitted, 316 (43,9%) had HBP. The mean age was 55,2± 11,9 years and the sex ratio 0,6. The age of hypertension was <10years in80,4%, the treatment compliance was good for 43,9% and HBP wasuncontrolled for 61,1%. At least one complication was observed in 70,9% ofpatients. The most frequents were echographic left ventricular hypertrophy(54,3%), proteinury (40,7%) and hypertensive retinopathy (28,1%). Afterlogistic regression, age of HBP≥5years(OR=2,9; p=0,011) and the therapeuticinobservance (OR=3,1; p=0,002) were independently associated with thecomplication of the HBP. Conclusion: These data show the gravity of blackpatients’ HBP which is often complicated and the crucial role therapeuticinobservance in the arisen of these complications