O método AHP e a Álgebra de Mapas para determinar a fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Brilhante (Mato Grosso do Sul / Brasil), proposições para a gestão do território

The environmental fragility classification of a river basin is a fundamental element when we are aiming to analyse how the physical characteristics of an area and its anthopical influences could impact at an equilibrium state of an environmental system. This research has an objective of show an environmental fragility model to classify natural areas by the overlap of natural and anthropical factors, matching the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and Map Algebra, which would be entangled by GIS, seeking for the better territorial management strategy. The results are showing that 48% of Brilhante River Basin has a high environmental fragility level. In these areas, fragility which has a strong correlation between: the regional environmental impact level; local topographic aspects; type of soil cover of the study area; the economical activities of the study area. This panorama has becoming more serious when we can observe that the form of occupation of this area has spread the high class level of the study area environmental fragility (this panorama is strengthening an unstable tendency of an environmental system as well). Moreover, we could emphasize the environmental damage of Brazilian Permanent Preservation Areas as a positive feedback of the results. The map of environmental fragility has the goal of propose regional environmental planning actions and even political propositions which could concern the regional territorial management (a territorial management which should be replied at other areas and dimensions).