Detección de anticuerpos IgA antitransglutaminasa tisular (IgA-TGT) en niños con diabetes mellitus tipo 1

Introduction: Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) are more likely to develop celiac disease (CD), which is an underdiagnosed condition due to its variable clinical presentation. Therefore, children with DM1 require periodic monitoring in order to achieve an early diagnosis of this entity. Objectives: To identify positivity for the detection of anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (tTG-IgA) in children with DM1, as well as to describe gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, anthropometric status indicators and gluten intake levels. Materials and methods : Descriptive cross-sectional study. The population was composed of children with DM1 who attended the outpatient service at a pediatric endocrinology center in Bogota, Colombia. The Biocard-Celiac® test was used to detect the presence of tTG-IgA. In addition, participants were asked on their GI symptoms and were given an anthropometric nutritional assessment. A 72-hour dietary record was kept to assess gluten intake. Statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The final sample included 45 children with an average age of 10.6±4.1 years, of which 53% were males. None of the participants had a positive result in the tTG-IgA test. The most frequent GI symptoms were flatulence (48.9%) and abdominal pain (28.9%). Only 3 children (6.7%) were found to be short for their age. The average gluten intake was 5.29±3.02 g/day. Conclusions: Although children with DM1 are at increased risk of developing CD, none of the participants tested positive for tTG-IgA.