Frequency of Prescription Claims for Drugs that May Interact with Janus Kinase Inhibitors Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the US

Introduction This study describes the frequency of prescription claims for drugs that may interact with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors among adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a large US claims database. Methods This observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study of the IBM ® MarketScan ® Research Commercial and the Medicare Supplemental Database included adults (≥ 18 years) with ≥ 2 outpatient claims 30 or more days apart or ≥ 1 inpatient visit claim with an RA diagnosis between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2017 (the index period). During the study period, from January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2018, strong organic anion transporter (OAT3) inhibitors, strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors, and moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors in combination with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors, were identified as drugs with potential for drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with JAK inhibitors approved for RA treatment in the US. Descriptive statistics were conducted. Results A total of 152,853 patients met eligibility criteria. Approximately 76% were women and the median age was 57 years. Of these patients, < 0.1% had a claim for a strong OAT3 inhibitor, and 1% had claims for the combination of a strong CYP3A4 and strong CYP2C19 inhibitor; 3% of patients had a claim for a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and almost 10% had claims for both a moderate CYP3A4 and a strong CYP2C19 inhibitor. Conclusions Up to 10% of RA patients have been prescribed a drug with a potential JAK interaction. Rheumatologists should consider potential DDIs when managing patients with RA.