OpenCV2X: Modelling of the V2X Cellular Sidelink and Performance Evaluation for Aperiodic Traffic

This paper presents OpenCV2X, the first publicly available, open-source simulation model of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 14 Cellular Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) sidelink, which forms the basis for 5G NR Mode 2 under later releases. This model is fully compliant with the existing vehicular service and application layers, including messaging sets as defined by the automotive and standards communities providing a fully standardised, cross-layer communication model. Using this model, we show how the current sidelink scheduling mechanism performs poorly when scheduling applications with highly aperiodic communication characteristics, such as ETSI Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs). We then provide the first indepth evaluation of dedicated per-packet aperiodic scheduling mechanisms, in contrast to schemes that parameterise the existing algorithm. This paper highlights that the level of aperiodicity exhibited by the application model greatly impacts scheduling performance. Finally, we analyse how such scheduling mechanisms might co-exist.