Combined effects of elevated temperature and CO2 alters epiphytic cyanobacterial community composition - consequences for nitrogen fixation activity and the host Pleurozium schreberi.
crossref（2022）
摘要
<div> <p><span>In cold biomes, N</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>-fixation by filamentous heterocystous cyanobacteria in symbiosis with mosses represents one of the main biological inputs of new nitrogen (N), and greatly </span><span>support the surrounding ecosystem productivity. In these ecosystems, </span><span>climate change is expected to result in 2-9°C increase in temperature and two times greater carbon dioxide (</span><span>CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>) over the next century, yet little is known about the effects of these factors </span><span>on the community composition of cyanobacteria in symbiosis with mosses. </span><span>In particular, it is unknown how changes in the cyanobacterial community will affect N</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>-fixation activity  and the resulting impact on the moss growth rate (MGR). Here, we reconstructed the symbiosis between the common feathermoss </span><em><span>Pleurozium schreberi</span></em><span> and cyanobacteria isolated from feathermosses. </span><em><span>P. schreberi</span></em><span> gametophytes were inoculated with 1, 5 or 20 genetically distinct strains of cyanobacteria and exposed to different temperature (11°C and 19°C) and CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> (500 ppm and 1000 ppm) conditions. </span><span>Changes in MGR, N</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>-fixation rate, and cyanobacterial community structure and composition were measured at distinct time points: 5, 10, 20, and 30 weeks of exposure. Our results indicate that both elevated temperature and CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> levels</span><span> </span><span>can</span><span> </span><span>individually and combined have positive effects on the N</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>-fixation activities, and consequently on MGR. The underlying biotic mechanisms for increased N</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>-fixation and MGR were changes in the cyanobacterial community diversity and composition.  In general, we observed a reduction in cyanobacterial diversity and an increase in cyanobacterial strain abundance that have adapted and dominated under the elevated temperature and CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span> levels.</span></p> </div>
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