Landslide Susceptibility Prediction Using Sparse Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Models Based on GIS and Remote Sensing

Landslide susceptibility prediction (LSP) is a useful technology for landslide prevention. Due to the complex nonlinear correlations among environmental factors, traditional machine learning (ML) models have unsatisfactory LSP accuracies. In this letter, a sparse feature extraction network (SFE+) is proposed for LSP. First, the landslides and environmental factors are collected, and frequency ratios of environmental factors are calculated as the model inputs. Second, the input data are passed through the input layer with the dropout, and then, the features are passed through the hidden layers, that is, the k% lifetime sparsity layers. The hidden layers are employed to further sparse these factors to obtain the independent and redundant prediction features as much as possible. Finally, certain classifiers are used to realize the LSP in the study area. SFE-support vector machine (SVM), SFE-logistic regression (LR), and SFE-stochastic gradient descent (SGD) models are built. For comparison, principal component analysis (PCA)-SVM, PCA-LR, PCA-SGD, SVM, LR, and SGD models are also built for LSP in Shicheng County, China. Results show that the SFE-based ML models, especially the SFE-SVM, can effectively extract the sparse nonlinear features of environmental factors to improve LSP accuracies and have promising prospects for LSP.